Enlarging apparatus



April 14, 1953 M. KAPLOWITZ ENLARGING APPARATUS 3 Sheets-Sheet 1 FiledAug. 20, 1949 INVENTOR, M. KA PL 0 W/ U h/s agent.

April 14, 1953 M. KAPLOWITZ 2,634,651

ENLARGING APPARATUS Filed Aug. 20, 1949 3 Sheets-Sheet 2 1| l| ||iINVENTOR,

| M I I u l m M. KAPLOWITZ/ his agent ENLARGING APPARATUS Filed Aug. 20,1949 3 Sheets-Sheet 5 INVENTOR, M. KA PLO w/ TZ his agent 7 PatentedApr. 14, 1953 .1 1.

ENLARGING APPARATUS Morris Kaplowitz, New York, N. Y., assignor toFederal Manufacturing & Engineering Corp., a corpora-tion of New YorkApplication August 20, 1949, Serial No. 111,453

1 Claim.

The invention relates to photography and relates more particularly tophotographic enlarging apparatus of the type wherein single frames of afilm strip may be photographed on an enlarged scale.

Desirable features for enlarging apparatus of this type includelightness in weight, accuracy of reproduction, and simplicity ofoperation, and these features generally are found in apparatus now inuse. However, the apparatus used heretofore have been deficient in thatthey usually require an outside light source and furthermore makepreselection of the frame to be enlarged diiiicult. Still furthermore,they do not provide for accurately automatically positioning theselected frame for subsequent photographing.

The invention has therefore among its objects, in the endeavor toovercome the deficiencies of the prior art, to provide for placement ofthe film strip in the apparatus prior to viewing and photographing, toselect a frame by viewing,v and to position the selected frameaccurately and automatically for subsequent exposure. Furthermore, itprovides for obviating the use of an outside light source. Furtherobjects and advantages of the invention will be set forth in part in thefollowing specification and in part will be obvious therefrom withoutbeing specifically referred to, the same being realized and attained aspointed out in the claim hereof.

Fig. 9 is an elevational view, partly in section,

. embodying a further modification of an enlarg- 1, With the above andother objects of the invention in view,.the invention consists in thenovel methods, construction, arrangement and combination of variousdevices, elements and parts, as setforth in the claim hereof, certainembodiments of the same being illustrated in the accompanying drawingsand described in the specification.

In the accompanying drawings,

Fig. l is a perspective view of an enlarging apparatus in accordancewith the invention;

Fig. 2 is a front elevational view thereof, the support having beenomitted and the film strip clamping device having been opened forclarity of presentation;

Fig. 3 is a sectional view, partly in elevation, taken along line 3-3 ofFig. 2, but the clamping device being shown closed;

Fig. 4 is a fragmentary sectional view taken along line 4-4 of Fig. 2,the clamping device being shown closed; I Fig. 5 is a sectional view onan enlarged scale .of the closed clamping device, taken along line 55 ofFig. 2;

Fig- 6 is a perspective view showing a modified clamping devicepartially open;

-' Fig. 'l is a sectional view similar to Fig. 5, but disclosing afurther modified clamping device;

Fig. 8 is an elevational view, partly in section, of a modifiedenlarging apparatus; 3 r

ing device;

Fig. 10 is a sectional view taken along line |0--|0 of Fig. 9;

Fig. 11 is an elevational view, partly inisection and with certain partsbroken away, embodying a still further modified enlarging apparatus of afilm editing device type; and

Fig. 12 is a fragmentary sectional view taken along line |2--|2 of Fig.11.

In carrying the invention into effect in the embodiments which have beenselected for illustration in the accompanying drawings and fordescription in this specification, and referring now particularly toFigs. 1-5, there is provided an enlarging apparatus generally indicatedat 2| that is held at a fixed angle on a support 22.

The enlarging apparatus 2| comprises a receptacle, for instance a camera23, for photosensitized material, such as a film, with winding means 24for said film, having a tubular support 28 including a shutter 21 and ashutter actuating lrnob 28. for a carrier 29 of a lens 3| and adiaphragm 32.

On the top of the camera 23 there is mounted a magnifying view finder orviewing device, generally indicated at 33, that includes a lens 35 andwhich has its optical axis parallel to that of the camera 23 and isspaced therefrom for a predetermined fixed distance 34, the importanceand purpose of which will be explained later on.

In optical axial alignment with the lens 35 there is mounted on the tube26 a hollow carrier 34 for an axially movable second lens 36 thatcooperates with the first lens 35, and the view l finder 33 'is therebymade adjustable to accommodate the eye sights of all observers.

The enlarging device 2|, as best shown in Fig. 3, may be mounted on atilted bifurcated extension 37 of the support 22. The bifurcationengages an annular recess 38 of the lens carrier 23..

A holding device for a film strip to be enlarged, generally indicated at39 is slidably mounted on the lens carrier 29. The holding device 33 isshiftable relative to the carrier 29 between two extreme positions,-anupper position, shown in solid lines in Figs. 2 and 3, where studs 4| ofthe device 39 abut against the lower edge of a flange 42 of thestationary carrier 29, and a lower position (illustrated in broken linesin Fig. 3) wherein the studs 43 of the device 39 abut against the upperside of the flange 42. The studs 4| and 43 are spaced from each otherfor a distance designed to permit movement of the device 39 for anextent accurately corresponding to the said aforementioned distance 34.

The device 39 comprises two guides, such as plates 44 and 46, the plate44 being provided with overturned edges 40 for the purpose of beingslidably secured to the carrier 29, and the plate 46 7 being hinged tothe plate 44 at'two pivotpoi nts 41 3 and carries aresilient clamp 48 toengage oneof the edges Wfor locking the two plates M- and 45 in adjacentface-to-face position, as best shown in Fig. 4.

Each of the plates has an aperture, and these apertures are aligned whenthe device is closed with the plates in adjacent position. The-plate 44has the aperture 49 and theplate lfi'has the'aperture I, and in theupper extreme position (shownln Fig. 2 and in solid lines in Fig. 3).the aligned apertures 4d and 5: are in registry with the optical axis ofthe view finder 33. In the lower' ex treme position (shown in. brokenlines in Fig. 3), on the other hand, the aligned apertures 49 and SI-are: in registry with the. optical axis of the enlarging camera 23.

The device 39 is adapted to hold between the plates 44 and it a filmstrip 52, one of the frames 53 of which. isto be enlarged in theenlarging apparatus. The plate 3 3 may beprovided with a groove 56having a depth'corresponding to a conventional film thickness of thetype film (such as 8 mm. or 16 mm, etc.) for use of which the apparatusis intended and serves to permit abutment between the faces of theplates 44 and 15 when the device 39 is closed. The groove 54,011 course,may also, instead, be provided in the plate as or, maybe divided amongboth plates.

' Projectin pins for engaging the marginaledges of the film strip may beprovided either on the plate 44 where they are designated 5% and, forinstance, are secured in alignment with the studs 41 and 43 forsimplicity of construction. (as shown in Figs, 2 and 5).; or, they mayinstead be pro-- vided on the: hinged plate Hi6 and designated 5?,asshown in Fig. 6.

: Apertures are provided on the other plate, for instance apertures 58in the plate is of Fig. 2, or

apertures 59 on the plate :44, as shown in the modification of Fig. 6.

The aperture 48,. which is smaller than the aper turel'si, is ofrectangular shape and corresponds in size substantially to that of aframe 53 of a film strip 52.to:be used. In order to secure a frame 53 inregistry with th'e'aligned apertures t9 and 5!, there is amechanismprovided that removably positions the film strip 52 accurately for thispurpose. pivot 4''!" and is tensioned by its resilient spiralic end 62aroundv the-pivotal, is arranged to protrude through aligned: holes atinthe' two plates it-and 46. The position of the holes 53 and of the piniii is so designed the pin in that positionwill engage one of thesprocket holes 6d of the film strip 52 when a frame 53 is in registrywith-the aligned apertures 49 and El. Thereby, a selected'frame may beplaced in registry with the aligned apertures and be secured in this pcsition by inserting the pin 31' through the holes 53 and. the sprockethole or the film inregistry therewith. A light source, for instance anelectric lamp 66 is securedtothe swingable plate 46 and is swingabletogether therewith and may be intercom heated by means of electric wires61 to an electric source and a switch (not shown). The lamp 85 is somounted on the plate 36 that the light beam A movable pin 61 that ispivoted at the emanating from the lamp $38 will be in registry Figs; 1-5is as follows: The holding device 39 is first shifted upwardly until thestuds 4| abut against the lower edges of the flange 42. The device 39 ithen opened by disengaging the clamp 48 and swinging the plate t6 awayfrom the plate 44. Thereafter, the film 52 is placed with itsmarginaledges between the pins 56, and the device 39 closed and theclamp til latched to the edge 40. The-film 52 is now movablelongitudinally in its emplacement in the groove 5d but is held againstlateral movement by the pins 56.

The lamp 66 is then switched on and the operator will look through themagnifying viewing device33, moving the lens 36 to adjust the viewingdevice optics to his particular eye sight. Thereafter, the operator willmove the film strip longitudinally in the groove b t to select a desiredframe 53 for subsequent enlargement. As soon as. a frame hasbeenselected, the operator willtilt'the pintl which has been separated fromthe plates as and 46, about the pivot ll, and insert the pin 6i throughthe holes 83 where it will engage a sprocket hole 84 and thereby lockthefilm strip to maintain the selected frame in registry between thealigned. apertures 48 and 5!.

Thereafter, the entire film strip holding device 39, including the filmstrip 52 clamped therein, is slid downwardly until. the studs 43 abutagainst the upper side of the flange 42. This movement brings thealigned apertures id and El and therewith the selected film frame intoregistry with the optical system of the camera 23', and the en-.-larging apparatus is now ready for an exposure. The exposure is made byoperating the shutter knob 28 for the desired'exposure time. Thereafter,the photo-sensitized material within the camera 23 maybe advanced to thenext position by turning the winding knob 24. The apparatus is therebymade ready for the next frame selectioniandenlargement. 1

The operation in connection with the modified holding device 539illustrated in Fig. 6 is similar to the above described operation,except that the film strip 52 is placed in the groove 54 between theguiding pins 51. that are mounted thereon and movable. therewith, priorto closing the. device I39.

A different construction for'clamping the: film strip. 52 between theplates is shown in Fig. 7, where the film strip holder is designated23.9. The plates 2M and 2% are again provided with apertures, indicatedat 2 h; and 251 respectively, and the device may be closed by means of aclamp 248 of the plate 248 engaging the overturned edge 2:35 of theplate size. However, there is no groove provided between the plates, butinsteadfthe plates abut throughout their faces in the absence of theplacem nt of afilm therebetween. If afilm is inserted between theplates, thelatter will be spaced from each otherforja' distancecorrespondirig to the very small thickness of a conventional n m.

Upon closure of the device 239, the film-strip which is limited in itssidewards movement-by the margin engaging pins 253 will be clampedtightly between the plates. In order tomove the film striplongitudinally for selection of a frame, I provide a movable wedge iithatiis manually operable by means or a knob 12, t0 be wedged betweenthe plates against. the resilient power of the clamp 248. Upon insertionof the wedgell,

separated from each detent Edi that is located opposite a hole whichcooperates therewith. The detent is so positioned that it engages asprocket hole of the film when a frame is registered with the aperturesand. and the guide plates are firmly closed, but the protrusion of thedetent is so small that the film is released, immediately, when thewedge ii is forced between the two guide plates.

The four margin engaging pins may each have a necl; that has a slightlysmall r diameter than th head of the pin, and the neck contours of thepins be spaced from each other for the width of the film strip. Thereby,the film strip may be snapped in and out of position manually, withoutthe possibility of accidental disengagement.

A different means to accomplish the purpose referred to is illustratedin Fig. 8. A camera with a tubular support and. a lens on the interior(not shown) carries at the end of the tube 329 a plate A view-finder itthat carries a lens 19 is hinged at ii to one e ge of the plate it. Nearthe opposite edge of said plate there is pivoted to it at l9 a filmstrip holding device 33 that comprises two plates 3 3 i hinged togetheron one longitudinal side at it? and carrying a light source 399. Thedistance between the axis or" the optically aligned view finder it andthe device 939 from the plate i3 is so dimensioned and the hinges sodesigned that the film in the device may first be viewed through theviewing device It when both the device and the holder are held erect onthe plate by any suitable means (not shown). Subsequently, the devicemay be swung about its pivot 50 to have its axis coinciding with theoptical axis of the camera 329 for enlarging the selected frame. Theplates are again held together by a clamp, designated .599, and thedevice may be opened by swinging one plate relative to the other aboutthe hinge 19. The view finder M, as well as the device 939 may be swungtowards the plate '13 for folding the apparatus to reduced longitudinalsize.

Another device of a similar character is shown in Figs. 9 and 10. Afixed focus photographic apparatus, indicated at 13 is provided with areel mechanism ill for a film 8! for manual film feed. The film 8| ispassed between two apertured plates, a lower fixed plate 82 and an uppermovable plate 83 that, in its normal position, has its aperture inoptical registry with that or the fixed plate and which is carried onthe underside of, and swingable with, a hollow casing o l that is hingedat 89 to a lamp housing til for rocking movement. An electric lamp and areiiector 89 are disposed in the lamp housing 31 in optical registrywith the aperture of the fixed plate At the top or the casing 9 3 thereare arranged opposite channels iii to receive in sliding engagement 2.shirtable carrier, generally designated e2, holding in nxeoly spacedrelation a viewing oevice 93 and a holder 9 for photo-sensitizedmaterial, for instance a film pack. The carrier may be moved within theopposite channels 9i to be shifted between two extreme positions; in oneposition the viewing device 93 will be in registry with the optical axisof the apparatus 13, and in the other position the holder 94 will be inoptical registry therewith. A lens 99 is provided is in the interior ofthe casing 84, and a shutter 91 may be provided therein to control theexposure.

A related arrangement is shown in the embodiment illustrated in Figs. 11and 12, in connection with a film editing device 592 of otherwiseconventional construction including a light source In this arrangemet,on the receiving end 599 of the optical -ath it! of the editing deviceHi2, a carrier is again mounted slidable in oppositely disposed channelstructures 95, and has a viewing device and a holder 2:3 forphoto-sensitized material. The carrier 92 is again movable between twoextreme positions, of registry with the optical axis or" the editingdevice 92 with the viewing device 93 and the holder 9 1, respectively.

In the operation of the embodiments shown in Figs. 9-12, the selectionof the desired frame is first carried out with the viewing device 93 inregistry with the optical axis of the particular apparatus employed, andthereafter, the carrier s2 is shifted to bring the holder 9d of thephotosensitized material into registry with the apparatus axis for asubsequent enlargement exposure.

I do not limit myself to the particular details of construction setforth in the foregoing specification and illustrated in the accompanyingdrawings, as the same refer to and set forth only certain embodiments ofthe invention and it is obvious that the same may be modified, Withinthe scope of the appended claim, without departing from the spirit andscope of the invention.

Having thus described the invention, what I claim as new and desire tobe secured by Letters Patent, is as follows:

In an enlarging device including a lens and a tubular member surroundingsaid lens, in combination, an element including a holding mechanism foran original to be enlarged and photographically to be reproduced, hingednear one end of said tubular member and being angularly movable betweenan active position transverse of said tubular member and in focus withand disposed on one side of said lens and an inactive position at afixed angle to said active position, a viewing device spaced from saidholding mechanism and in optical registry therewith in the inactiveposition or' the latter, a receptacle for image receiving sensitizedmaterial disposed on the other side of said lens for receiving an imagefrom said original in the active position of said holder, and a lightsource mounted near said holder and movable therewith for illuminatingsaid original in either position.

MORRIS KAPLOWITZ.

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